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modsecurity原本是Apache上的一款开源waf,可以有效的增强web安全性,目前已经支持nginx和IIS,配合nginx的灵活和高效,可以打造成生产级的WAF,是保护和审核web安全的利器。
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- h6 p4 _3 j* u/ V$ ~8 g一.准备工作, T1 O K0 I9 I5 W0 t/ B
: K/ V: }* u- D系统:centos 6.5 64位、 tengine 2.1.0, modsecurity 2.8.0
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4 m, O" J+ S) Z7 wtengine : http://tengine.taobao.org/download/tengine-2.1.0.tar.gz
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modsecurity for Nginx: https://www.modsecurity.org/tarball/2.8.0/modsecurity-2.8.0.tar.gz; G/ Q0 j3 w6 K* U0 [* y( l/ ?* D
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OWASP规则集: https://github.com/SpiderLabs/owasp-modsecurity-crs8 R! n4 g* O9 R- N4 s/ U {
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依赖关系:/ p& C4 b( u6 r5 M4 _
tengine(nginx)依赖: pcre 、zlib、 openssl, 这三个包centos 6.5 系统源里都有:7 t" f. W; P3 ^2 P0 f2 P8 ]
2 @5 r0 E$ v X4 Q3 x& I* {" ]! N1 i( Ryum install zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel
6 D+ Z3 \: T" K; kmodsecurty依赖的包:pcre httpd-devel libxml2 apr
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yum install httpd-devel apr apr-util-devel apr-devel pcre pcre-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel
1 b9 k) P, W2 n( ? V二.启用standalone模块并编译0 U {, q5 T. t, ?# }/ X6 B
0 f2 d, R/ e. D3 b- M$ p下载modsecurity for nginx 解压,进入解压后目录执行:
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, `2 v ^; K; @./autogen.sh1 t' t6 m' R+ `1 |) W& a# y
./configure --enable-standalone-module --disable-mlogc- C4 A# w$ `9 M+ d; N7 Q
make / M R6 C. u+ J/ Q6 ^; `
三.nginx添加modsecurity模块" g, L$ o1 e! T
+ Z. R7 H+ j# Z( w" x9 P9 ~$ B在编译standalone后,nginx编译时可以通过"--add-module"添加modsecurity模块:
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. S& O& u# S9 _2 R8 ]* a./configure --add-module=/root/modsecurity-2.8.0/nginx/modsecurity/ --prefix=/opt/tengine+ _6 l( ~9 x, |, P4 c+ L s7 C# a1 w
make && make install
0 z- r& h1 {- F( s2 `$ j2 N四.添加规则6 B9 l9 ?3 J6 b( x& V
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modsecurity倾向于过滤和阻止web危险,之所以强大就在于规则,OWASP提供的规则是于社区志愿者维护的,被称为核心规则CRS(corerules),规则可靠强大,当然也可以自定义规则来满足各种需求。
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& x1 I2 X3 H8 w( i2 |: G' l% m0 r1.下载OWASP规则:, a% C6 _% O9 V2 H5 w/ s
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git clone https://github.com/SpiderLabs/owasp-modsecurity-crs
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mv owasp-modsecurity-crs /opt/tengine/conf/
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cd /opt/tengine/conf/owasp-modsecurity-crs && mv modsecurity_crs_10_setup.conf.example modsecurity_crs_10_setup.conf% O p5 J8 N- G- z* N
2.启用OWASP规则:
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复制modsecurity源码目录下的modsecurity.conf-recommended和unicode.mapping到nginx的conf目录下,并将modsecurity.conf-recommended重新命名为modsecurity.conf。3 `4 R6 S$ m2 n6 r& Z+ _* x
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编辑modsecurity.conf 文件,将SecRuleEngine设置为 on
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% U0 G$ {8 j# z6 wowasp-modsecurity-crs下有很多存放规则的文件夹,例如base_rules、experimental_rules、optional_rules、slr_rules,里面的规则按需要启用,需要启用的规则使用Include进来即可。
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. t+ y! k: ^( H5 c" W6 |% W* i2 @ YInclude owasp-modsecurity-crs/modsecurity_crs_10_setup.conf/ y" l+ Q1 x/ g" _/ [; C; f) Z
Include owasp-modsecurity-crs/base_rules/modsecurity_crs_41_sql_injection_attacks.conf5 }! Q; ~! e, ^& j: O( y+ n
Include owasp-modsecurity-crs/base_rules/modsecurity_crs_41_xss_attacks.conf. G7 Q% r q+ I4 Y
Include owasp-modsecurity-crs/base_rules/modsecurity_crs_40_generic_attacks.conf
% ^0 K0 X4 p8 A/ k) ^) R8 MInclude owasp-modsecurity-crs/experimental_rules/modsecurity_crs_11_dos_protection.conf- _8 s9 d O! ]7 L
Include owasp-modsecurity-crs/experimental_rules/modsecurity_crs_11_brute_force.conf* f. p j# P& }( d$ q
Include owasp-modsecurity-crs/optional_rules/modsecurity_crs_16_session_hijacking.conf
/ S2 B. q8 u8 l% U7 |& b4 `* Y五.配置nginx
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在需要启用modsecurity的主机的location下面加入下面两行即可:4 V. s6 Z; |! J% C+ i
% R0 X4 S! Z- A: }4 o" \4 z8 [ModSecurityEnabled on;
7 Q2 u; a) t7 J/ c3 G! IModSecurityConfig modsecurity.conf;- Y- d# p, N# m" G& i5 e+ x! t
下面是两个示例配置,php虚拟主机:! b( {& v% B, t
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server {
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server_name 52os.net www.52os.net;: v+ R: o$ J: D. m. i7 V
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location ~ \.php$ {
4 }9 l1 \$ z& O1 E$ u/ U ModSecurityEnabled on;
- [0 l/ Y# s0 s! S: ~ ModSecurityConfig modsecurity.conf;- w* P( N! D/ ]9 |: o; [( J
3 n! w/ @ I+ C6 N7 E9 M root /web/wordpress;
& E# Y& | s7 s* C* }0 T index index.php index.html index.htm;
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( Y" W* |0 F4 [4 P fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
8 G B7 A. D6 C) M' @ fastcgi_index index.php;/ v8 A/ n$ g0 h N4 z7 ~' R
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $Document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
d: ~* F, g$ E- M5 i% X include fastcgi_params;7 F$ W$ z) o$ Y' w, F
}
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8 J& C" P$ ]; m) U; m) l7 i' Fupstream负载均衡:
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upstream 52os.net {0 D5 H+ n( S9 j4 J' f x3 M
server 192.168.1.100:8080;
. B) M8 T( w! |* u server 192.168.1.101:8080 backup;
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, p. K# t, E2 e; U3 p# C( V8 sserver {$ h# z( y. b$ j- {$ {
listen 80;
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2 x$ `& X# U- R" |location / {# F2 C& S! ^5 ?8 _
ModSecurityEnabled on;
2 F& y# G! I. l( ]' S, v ModSecurityConfig modsecurity.conf; 5 w1 v6 n5 o" G! O7 j, n$ x
) ]* u4 L$ e8 |! \6 f. z+ Z proxy_pass http://online;( K2 C! d% P( ]0 x6 S2 {
proxy_redirect off;
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;+ b* F+ V; ^. J
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;4 ^1 G% s P6 Y; H
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}
, n& N- A: m% G( a, J六.测试
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我们启用了xss和sql注入的过滤,不正常的请求会直接返回403。以php环境为例,新建一个phpinfo.php内容为:& a ~6 N( K$ E
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f7 r. e& B' z! O3 Y. Q: n/ h?>
& d; @5 ^% i: G, |在浏览器中访问:) n& \! M1 t: j* e" y
0 h4 A# e* @- n- g$ I P; qhttp://www.52os.net/phpinfo.php?id=1 正常显示。
* c- ]# W& N3 {1 [. Q/ |http://www.52os.net/phpinfo.php?id=1 and 1=1 返回403。. C/ r) m( J# {
http://www.52os.net/phpinfo.php?search=<scritp>alert('xss');</script> 返回403。
j# |8 v$ i$ Q7 Q1 r说明sql注入和xss已经被过滤了8 O" L( ?, ]& J, L2 \) m% ?' A; P
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七、安装过程中排错! l9 e2 c! x' F5 s
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1.缺少APXS会报错! D( I8 u8 `: U1 }( A# O
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configure: looking for Apache module support via DSO through APXS: \, k+ @! Z9 N z
configure: error: couldn't find APXS
) ?& B. V8 c9 Y( j! fapxs是一个为Apache HTTP服务器编译和安装扩展模块的工具,用于编译一个或多个源程序或目标代码文件为动态共享对象。% ^: \8 J% C0 x! }% s3 [
解决方法:
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yum install httpd-devel2 }2 l1 @6 @8 P. w/ f, Z
2.没有pcre
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configure: *** pcre library not found.) N+ V) M5 P; e k) a
configure: error: pcre library is required8 k/ @# \) n% V, a
解决方法:( ~- t7 `7 \7 J9 I, F/ B
/ |& [# a( `. q% A8 B1 }yum install pcre pcre-devel
?' u1 h( ]" W1 F3.没有libxml2+ C8 m: E) [9 ?4 L
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configure: *** xml library not found.
3 m: ]1 k1 {) |8 b3 ^configure: error: libxml2 is required
6 B# U6 ?0 X# K/ W5 X, E* c1 i解决方法:: _$ a% x1 j8 y, v
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yum install libxml2 libxml2-devel5 d; N% I! w x, g
4.执行 /opt/tengine/sbin/nginx -m 时有警告1 \4 Q8 R, y- ?" e
* j- p5 \3 p, F) M, ^6 g9 `Tengine version: Tengine/2.1.0 (nginx/1.6.2)4 r8 I( g; g: y/ ?4 g, t
nginx: [warn] ModSecurity: Loaded APR do not match with compiled!
8 [ j9 L5 E# q4 r9 ^: o1 j原因:modsecurity编译时和加载时的apr版本不一致造成的,并且会有以下error.log4 @" n6 u- K h- j0 D4 l
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2015/01/26 02:04:18 [notice] 29036#0: ModSecurity for nginx (STABLE)/2.8.0 () configured.
7 `& i0 I7 y1 Q5 P B6 g2015/01/26 02:04:18 [notice] 29036#0: ModSecurity: APR compiled version="1.5.0"; loaded version="1.3.9"; `+ O, U1 n, o: {
2015/01/26 02:04:18 [warn] 29036#0: ModSecurity: Loaded APR do not match with compiled!
+ i7 O0 K$ Y& M: |2015/01/26 02:04:18 [notice] 29036#0: ModSecurity: PCRE compiled version="7.8 "; loaded version="7.8 2008-09-05"8 p5 {! U- s5 S8 b+ v) v
2015/01/26 02:04:18 [notice] 29036#0: ModSecurity: LIBXML compiled version="2.7.6"
! [, D: K! n7 n: y( z2015/01/26 02:04:18 [notice] 29036#0: Status engine is currently disabled, enable it by set SecStatusEngine to On.
$ P- V- Z% b4 |$ `( ]! d解决方法,移除低版本的APR (1.3.9)8 y1 z: ^! E2 a
! P2 E2 T5 Z8 Oyum remove apr: g; ~* I6 a5 y& c' d' a" |5 c6 h0 |
5.Error.log中有: Audit log: Failed to lock global mutex
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2015/01/26 04:15:42 [error] 61610#0: [client 10.11.15.161] ModSecurity: Audit log: Failed to lock + [0 e# p, d- }. L' ^
global mutex: Permission denied [hostname ""] [uri "/i.php"] [unique_id "AcAcAcAcAcAcAcA4DcA7AcAc"]
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编辑modsecurity.conf,注释掉默认的SecAuditLogType和SecAuditLog,添加以下内容:$ P4 o8 j0 ~! {4 H2 h
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SecAuditLogDirMode 0777
* E$ d' Z; s# n/ ^# ySecAuditLogFileMode 0550
% N- [0 R1 c. y8 s0 O o/ rSecAuditLogStorageDir /var/log/modsecurity! R1 ~1 j8 U0 A! {
SecAuditLogType Concurrent
& x* s" { R5 m参考文章: C7 w2 K: w1 D8 n6 s$ I. o
https://github.com/SpiderLabs/ModSecurity/wiki/Reference-Manual#Installation_for_NGINX! F: ^% L8 ]4 d7 u7 z7 v
http://drops.wooyun.org/tips/2614 |
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